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.ÿþto ordination (24); i.e., Virginians on the eve of the Revolution enjoyed anAmerican-bred clergy corps.Parsons typically entered upon their parish duties as young men, serveda single parish, and remained in Virginia until their deaths.While much hasbeen made of the refusal of vestries to present parsons for induction andthereby secure for them lifetime legal rights to their livings, parsons with rareexceptions enjoyed de facto tenure.In the half-century before the Revolution,ministers served an average of 12.4 years.Moreover, thirty-three parsons hadtenures of 11 15 years, twenty-three of 15 20 years, and forty-seven served 21or more years.Gentlemen-by-profession, many contracted advantageous mar-riages with gentry families, acquired land and slaves, and even in several in-stances took their place on county court benches.The weight of evidence sug-gests ready acceptance by the ruling gentry, a circumstance probably both ahelp and a hindrance in the discharge of their ministry.In personal conductVirginia parsons were neither better nor worse than their clerical contempo-raries on either side of the Atlantic, although a compelling case can be madethat provisions for the clergy in Virginia represented a substantial improve-ment over the pluralism, nonresidence, and clientage relations that persistedin the Church of England at home.Part III considers parish ministry: the Divine Service, the sermon, admin-istration of sacraments, rites of passage, and pastoral care.White Virginians insubstantial numbers and African Americans in far smaller numbers attendedDivine Service faithful to the rubrics of the Prayer Book, conducted by suit-ably vested clergy or lay readers, and held in several hundred churches andchapels that were well supplied with Bibles, Prayer Books, and the furnish-ings appropriate for preaching the Word and administering the sacraments.Sermons stressed a reasonable faith, moral conduct, benevolence, accep-tance of the social order and one s attendant duties, and obedience to all inauthority.Instruction and injunction from the pulpit, however, were alwaysheard within the liturgical setting of the Service.Collects, prayers, and pre-scribed responses, the reading or singing of psalms, scripture passages, andthe Creed provided weekly reiteration and reaffirmation of the central teach-ings of the faith.Parishioners communicated in numbers comparable to thosein England s rural parishes.Throughout the period, parish ministry attendedto individual rites of passage from birth to marriage to death.For each, theBook of Common Prayer provided appropriate liturgical definition and set-ting.Parsons baptized a high proportion of the colony s white infants andrapidly increasing numbers of African Americans in the decades immediately.prologue 5 [ Pobierz caÅ‚ość w formacie PDF ]
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.ÿþto ordination (24); i.e., Virginians on the eve of the Revolution enjoyed anAmerican-bred clergy corps.Parsons typically entered upon their parish duties as young men, serveda single parish, and remained in Virginia until their deaths.While much hasbeen made of the refusal of vestries to present parsons for induction andthereby secure for them lifetime legal rights to their livings, parsons with rareexceptions enjoyed de facto tenure.In the half-century before the Revolution,ministers served an average of 12.4 years.Moreover, thirty-three parsons hadtenures of 11 15 years, twenty-three of 15 20 years, and forty-seven served 21or more years.Gentlemen-by-profession, many contracted advantageous mar-riages with gentry families, acquired land and slaves, and even in several in-stances took their place on county court benches.The weight of evidence sug-gests ready acceptance by the ruling gentry, a circumstance probably both ahelp and a hindrance in the discharge of their ministry.In personal conductVirginia parsons were neither better nor worse than their clerical contempo-raries on either side of the Atlantic, although a compelling case can be madethat provisions for the clergy in Virginia represented a substantial improve-ment over the pluralism, nonresidence, and clientage relations that persistedin the Church of England at home.Part III considers parish ministry: the Divine Service, the sermon, admin-istration of sacraments, rites of passage, and pastoral care.White Virginians insubstantial numbers and African Americans in far smaller numbers attendedDivine Service faithful to the rubrics of the Prayer Book, conducted by suit-ably vested clergy or lay readers, and held in several hundred churches andchapels that were well supplied with Bibles, Prayer Books, and the furnish-ings appropriate for preaching the Word and administering the sacraments.Sermons stressed a reasonable faith, moral conduct, benevolence, accep-tance of the social order and one s attendant duties, and obedience to all inauthority.Instruction and injunction from the pulpit, however, were alwaysheard within the liturgical setting of the Service.Collects, prayers, and pre-scribed responses, the reading or singing of psalms, scripture passages, andthe Creed provided weekly reiteration and reaffirmation of the central teach-ings of the faith.Parishioners communicated in numbers comparable to thosein England s rural parishes.Throughout the period, parish ministry attendedto individual rites of passage from birth to marriage to death.For each, theBook of Common Prayer provided appropriate liturgical definition and set-ting.Parsons baptized a high proportion of the colony s white infants andrapidly increasing numbers of African Americans in the decades immediately.prologue 5 [ Pobierz caÅ‚ość w formacie PDF ]