Pokrewne
- Strona Główna
- Preston Douglas, Child Lincoln Pendergast 08 Krag ciemnosci (2)
- Allen C. Guelzo Abraham Lincoln as a Man of Ideas (2009)
- Mit Lincolna Steve Berry
- Lincoln Child Eden
- Aczel Amir D. L'Enigma di Fermat
- Stephen King Mroczna Wieza t3 Ziemie jalowe (rtf)
- Polski Kodeks Honorowy BOZIEWICZ
- Edgar Rice Burroughs Ksiezniczka Marsa
- II Oktawian August (3)
- Diderot Denis Zakonnica
- zanotowane.pl
- doc.pisz.pl
- pdf.pisz.pl
- negatyw24.htw.pl
[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
.” The president’s policy was112T h e L i n c o l n E n i g m ato restore Southerners to equal status in the nation once they had laid down their arms and affirmed their loyalty to the Union, not force them to be subjects of the victorious North.Lincoln insisted that the Southern states had never left the Union.They had simply fallen into the hands of scheming and unscrupulous political leaders who were maintaining their power by means of a military despotism.According to Lincoln, white Southerners would have to accept emancipation, though as a temporary arrangement he would acquiesce in an apprenticeship system for former slaves.Thus, only to a limited extent under Lincoln would the South be subjected to the domination of the North.Northern opinion in late 1864 and early 1865 generally supported Lincoln’s peace terms.Conservative, or moderate, newspapers and journals of the president’s wing of the Republican party especially applauded the part of his annual message promising to restore the constitutional rights of white Southerners as soon as they ceased their rebellion.These publications reminded their readers that Lincoln advanced no new peace terms and declared that the Southern people, as distinct from their tyrannical leaders who could never agree to reunion, should find the president’s terms acceptable.Harper’s Weekly told its readers that “the prospects of peace as set forth by the President are exactly what every faithful citizen supposed them to be.When the men who began this war upon the Government lay down arms, and yield to the Constitution and the laws and acts in accordance with it, the war will end” and rights would be restored.John W.Forney, the proprietor-editor of the Washington Chronicle and the Philadelphia Press, wrote:“It is not, and never has been, the policy of the Administration to de-grade the seceded States.” Lincoln’s sole purpose, Forney insisted, was to bring Southerners “back to the embraces of the Government of their fathers.” Meanwhile, until Southerners had ended the tyranny of their leaders and submitted to Union authority, the war would continue.11Already, many Northerners, as well as Lincoln, could see encouraging signs in the South, particularly in North Carolina and Georgia.Forney’s influential Washington Chronicle, preferring to ignore the defiant voices resonating from the rebel states, reported on January 4, 1865, that “disaffection at the South [was] becoming more and more manifest.” The Southern masses were rapidly “recovering from the folly and infatuation into which they were plunged by wily leaders,” the Chroni-T o w a r d A p p o m a t t o x , T o w a r d U n c o n d i t i o n a l S u r r e n d e r ?113cle claimed.“They are beginning to learn that there is no such feeling of hatred and invincible antagonism to them [in the North] as they once believed.They are finding out that.we neither seek to oppress nor to pull [them] down; that all we ask is obedience to the law.” The Chronicle, reputedly Lincoln’s newspaper organ in the national capital, insisted that the North “would spare them every humiliation the moment they avow themselves ready to assume their constitutional obligations”in the Union.The Northern press reported that even some prominent members of the Confederate Congress, like Senator William A.Graham of North Carolina and Representative Henry S.Foote of Tennessee, had declared the Southern war for independence a failure and were seeking an end to the carnage and the destruction of their society.12Lincoln, however, did not lack for Northern critics of the peace that he had outlined in his annual message.Democrats and ultraconservatives claimed that the president did not go far enough in extending the hand of peace to Southerners.The New York World, the leading Democratic newspaper, proposed that, since Lincoln had attained his party’s original goal of prohibiting the expansion of slavery in order to insure its extinction, the president should leave slavery under state control where, the World argued, it was collapsing as a result of the war and“the irresistible compulsion of economic laws.” Such a state’s rights concession would satisfy the secessionists and lead to a quick restoration of the Union as it existed before the war.With something of this sort in mind, Garret Davis, an ultraconservative Unionist of Kentucky, introduced in the Senate a series of resolutions proposing a national convention that would draft constitutional amendments to placate Southerners regarding slavery and state’s rights if they returned to the Union.Davis also called for an amendment prohibiting blacks from becoming citizens of the United States.The Kentucky senator’s flight of fancy reached its height when he proposed the consolidation of New England into two states for the obvious purpose of reducing Republican political power in the restored Union.Samuel S.Cox, the Democratic leader in the House of Representatives, advanced a more rational ultraconservative approach to peace: he offered a resolution requiring Lincoln to send or to receive commissioners from the South for the purposeof ending the war on the basis of reunion alone.13 Republicans in Congress easily brushed aside both of these peace proposals.114T h e L i n c o l n E n i g m aA potentially more serious challenge to Lincoln’s peace terms than that of the Democrats and ultraconservatives came from Radicals in Lincoln’s party.Still seething from his pocket veto of the Wade-Davis Bill in July and troubled by the president’s lenient reconstruction plan, Radicals expressed concern that Lincoln in his haste for peace would compromise true freedom for blacks [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
zanotowane.pl doc.pisz.pl pdf.pisz.pl agnieszka90.opx.pl
.” The president’s policy was112T h e L i n c o l n E n i g m ato restore Southerners to equal status in the nation once they had laid down their arms and affirmed their loyalty to the Union, not force them to be subjects of the victorious North.Lincoln insisted that the Southern states had never left the Union.They had simply fallen into the hands of scheming and unscrupulous political leaders who were maintaining their power by means of a military despotism.According to Lincoln, white Southerners would have to accept emancipation, though as a temporary arrangement he would acquiesce in an apprenticeship system for former slaves.Thus, only to a limited extent under Lincoln would the South be subjected to the domination of the North.Northern opinion in late 1864 and early 1865 generally supported Lincoln’s peace terms.Conservative, or moderate, newspapers and journals of the president’s wing of the Republican party especially applauded the part of his annual message promising to restore the constitutional rights of white Southerners as soon as they ceased their rebellion.These publications reminded their readers that Lincoln advanced no new peace terms and declared that the Southern people, as distinct from their tyrannical leaders who could never agree to reunion, should find the president’s terms acceptable.Harper’s Weekly told its readers that “the prospects of peace as set forth by the President are exactly what every faithful citizen supposed them to be.When the men who began this war upon the Government lay down arms, and yield to the Constitution and the laws and acts in accordance with it, the war will end” and rights would be restored.John W.Forney, the proprietor-editor of the Washington Chronicle and the Philadelphia Press, wrote:“It is not, and never has been, the policy of the Administration to de-grade the seceded States.” Lincoln’s sole purpose, Forney insisted, was to bring Southerners “back to the embraces of the Government of their fathers.” Meanwhile, until Southerners had ended the tyranny of their leaders and submitted to Union authority, the war would continue.11Already, many Northerners, as well as Lincoln, could see encouraging signs in the South, particularly in North Carolina and Georgia.Forney’s influential Washington Chronicle, preferring to ignore the defiant voices resonating from the rebel states, reported on January 4, 1865, that “disaffection at the South [was] becoming more and more manifest.” The Southern masses were rapidly “recovering from the folly and infatuation into which they were plunged by wily leaders,” the Chroni-T o w a r d A p p o m a t t o x , T o w a r d U n c o n d i t i o n a l S u r r e n d e r ?113cle claimed.“They are beginning to learn that there is no such feeling of hatred and invincible antagonism to them [in the North] as they once believed.They are finding out that.we neither seek to oppress nor to pull [them] down; that all we ask is obedience to the law.” The Chronicle, reputedly Lincoln’s newspaper organ in the national capital, insisted that the North “would spare them every humiliation the moment they avow themselves ready to assume their constitutional obligations”in the Union.The Northern press reported that even some prominent members of the Confederate Congress, like Senator William A.Graham of North Carolina and Representative Henry S.Foote of Tennessee, had declared the Southern war for independence a failure and were seeking an end to the carnage and the destruction of their society.12Lincoln, however, did not lack for Northern critics of the peace that he had outlined in his annual message.Democrats and ultraconservatives claimed that the president did not go far enough in extending the hand of peace to Southerners.The New York World, the leading Democratic newspaper, proposed that, since Lincoln had attained his party’s original goal of prohibiting the expansion of slavery in order to insure its extinction, the president should leave slavery under state control where, the World argued, it was collapsing as a result of the war and“the irresistible compulsion of economic laws.” Such a state’s rights concession would satisfy the secessionists and lead to a quick restoration of the Union as it existed before the war.With something of this sort in mind, Garret Davis, an ultraconservative Unionist of Kentucky, introduced in the Senate a series of resolutions proposing a national convention that would draft constitutional amendments to placate Southerners regarding slavery and state’s rights if they returned to the Union.Davis also called for an amendment prohibiting blacks from becoming citizens of the United States.The Kentucky senator’s flight of fancy reached its height when he proposed the consolidation of New England into two states for the obvious purpose of reducing Republican political power in the restored Union.Samuel S.Cox, the Democratic leader in the House of Representatives, advanced a more rational ultraconservative approach to peace: he offered a resolution requiring Lincoln to send or to receive commissioners from the South for the purposeof ending the war on the basis of reunion alone.13 Republicans in Congress easily brushed aside both of these peace proposals.114T h e L i n c o l n E n i g m aA potentially more serious challenge to Lincoln’s peace terms than that of the Democrats and ultraconservatives came from Radicals in Lincoln’s party.Still seething from his pocket veto of the Wade-Davis Bill in July and troubled by the president’s lenient reconstruction plan, Radicals expressed concern that Lincoln in his haste for peace would compromise true freedom for blacks [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]