Pokrewne
- Strona Główna
- Charles M. Robinson III The Diaries of John Gregory Bourke. Volume 4, July 3, 1880 May 22,1881 (2009)
- John Marsden Kroniki Ellie 1. Wojna się skończyła, walka wcišż trwa
- Marsden John Kroniki Ellie 03 Przycišgajšc burzę
- DeMille Nelson John Corey 01 liwkowa Wyspa
- John Ringo Dziedzictwo Aldenata 03 Taniec z Diabłem
- Wojny Rady Tom 1 Tam Będš Smoki Ringo John
- Tom Mangold, John Penycate Wi podziemna wojna
- Lem Stanislaw Katar
- J. K. Rowling 4 Harry Potter i Czara Ognia
- Mc Auley Paul J Czterysta miliardow gwiazd
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.About the middle of September a new element of discordwas brought into the situation by the landing of Geoffrey,who had now been consecrated Archbishop of York, and whoasserted that he, as well as John, had Richard s permissionLongchamp s effort to prevent his coming failed;to return.but on his landing he had him arrested at the altar of thePriory of St.Martin s, Dover, where he had taken sanctuary,and he was carried off a prisoner with many indignities.This was a tactical mistake on Longchamp s part.It put himgreatly in the wrong and furnished a new cause against himin which everybody could unite.In alarm he declared hehad never given orders for what was done and had Geoffreyreleased, but it was too late.The actors in this outrage wereexcommunicated, and the chancellor was summoned to acouncil called by John under the forms of a great council.At the first meeting, held between Reading and Windsor onOctober he did not appear, but formal complaint was madeagainst him, and his deposition was moved by the Archbishopof Rouen.The meeting was then adjourned to London, andLongchamp, hearing this, left Windsor at the same time andtook refuge in the Tower.For both parties, as in formertimes of civil strife, the support of the citizens of London AND THE CRUSADECHAP.great importance.They were now somewhat divided,but a recognition of the opportunity inclined them to thestronger side> and they signified to John and the baronsthat they would support them if a commune were grantedto the This French institution, granting to a cityin its corporate capacity the legal position and independ-ence of the feudal vassal, had as yet made no appearancein England.It was bitterly detested by the great barons,and a chronicler of the time who shared this feeling was nodoubt right in saying that neither Richard nor his fatherwould have sanctioned it for a million marks, but as hesays London found out that there was no John wasin pursuit of power, and the price which London demandedwould not seem to him a large one, especially as the dayof reckoning with the difficulty he created was a distantone and might never come.The commune was granted, andLongchamp was formally deposed.John was recognized asRichard s heir, fealty was sworn to him, and he was maderegent of the kingdom Walter of Rouen was accepted asjusticiar and the castles were disposed of as John desired.Longchamp yielded under protest, threatening the displeasureof the king, and was allowed to escape to the continent.The action of John and the barons in deposing Longchampmade little actual change.John gained less power thanhe had expected, and found the new justiciar no more will-ing to give him control of the kingdom than the old one.The action was revolutionary, and if it had any permanentinfluence on the history of England, it is to be found in thetraining it gave the barons in concerted action against atyrannous minister, revolutionary but as nearly as possibleunder the forms of law.While these events were takingplace, Philip was on his way from Tyre to France.Hereached home near the close of the year, ready for the busi-ness for which he had come, to make all that he could out ofRichard s absence.Repulsed in an attempt to get theadvantage of the seneschal of Normandy he applied to John,perhaps with more hope of success, offering him the hand ofthe unfortunate Adela with the investiture of the FrenchRound, of ch.xi.Richard of of iii. OF373fiefs.John was, of course, already married, but that was a CHAP.small matter either to Philip, or to him.He was ready tolisten to the temptation, and was preparing to cross to discussthe proposition with Philip, when his plans were interruptedby his mother.She had heard of what was going on andhastily went over to England to interfere, where with diffi-culty John was forced to give up the idea.The yearpassed without disturbance.When Longchamp tried tosecure his restoration by bribing John, he was defeated by ahigher bid from the council.An attempt of Philip to invadeNormandy was prevented by the refusal of his barons to serve,for without accusing the king, they declared that they couldnot attack Normandy without themselves committing perjury.At the beginning of the news reached England thatRichard had been arrested in Germany and that he was heldin prison there. CHAPTER XVIIIWAR AND FINANCECHAP.RICHARD was indeed in prison in Germany.To avoidpassing through Toulouse on account of the hostility of thecount he had sailed up the Adriatic, hoping possibly tostrike across into the northern parts of Aquitaine, and therehad been shipwrecked.In trying to make his way in disguisethrough the dominions of the Duke of Austria he had beenrecognized and arrested, for Leopold of Austria had morethan one ground of hatred of Richard, notably because hisclaim to something like an equal sovereignty had been sorudely and contemptuously disallowed in the famous incidentof the tearing down of his banner from the walls of Acre.But a greater sovereign than Leopold had reason to com-plain of the conduct of Richard and something to gain fromhis imprisonment, and the duke was obliged to surrender hisprisoner to the emperor, Henry VI.When the news of this reached England, it seemed to Johnthat his opportunity might at last be come, and he crossedover at once to the continent.Finding the barons of Nor-mandy unwilling to receive him in the place of Richard, hepassed on to Philip, did him homage for the French fiefs,and even for England it was reported, took oath to marryand ceded to him the Norman In returnPhilip promised him a part of Flanders and his besthelp to get possession of England and his brother s otherlands.Roger of who records this bargain, distin-guishes between and what he thought was true, andit may be taken as a fair example of what it was believed Johnwould agree to in order to dispossess his imprisoned brother [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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.About the middle of September a new element of discordwas brought into the situation by the landing of Geoffrey,who had now been consecrated Archbishop of York, and whoasserted that he, as well as John, had Richard s permissionLongchamp s effort to prevent his coming failed;to return.but on his landing he had him arrested at the altar of thePriory of St.Martin s, Dover, where he had taken sanctuary,and he was carried off a prisoner with many indignities.This was a tactical mistake on Longchamp s part.It put himgreatly in the wrong and furnished a new cause against himin which everybody could unite.In alarm he declared hehad never given orders for what was done and had Geoffreyreleased, but it was too late.The actors in this outrage wereexcommunicated, and the chancellor was summoned to acouncil called by John under the forms of a great council.At the first meeting, held between Reading and Windsor onOctober he did not appear, but formal complaint was madeagainst him, and his deposition was moved by the Archbishopof Rouen.The meeting was then adjourned to London, andLongchamp, hearing this, left Windsor at the same time andtook refuge in the Tower.For both parties, as in formertimes of civil strife, the support of the citizens of London AND THE CRUSADECHAP.great importance.They were now somewhat divided,but a recognition of the opportunity inclined them to thestronger side> and they signified to John and the baronsthat they would support them if a commune were grantedto the This French institution, granting to a cityin its corporate capacity the legal position and independ-ence of the feudal vassal, had as yet made no appearancein England.It was bitterly detested by the great barons,and a chronicler of the time who shared this feeling was nodoubt right in saying that neither Richard nor his fatherwould have sanctioned it for a million marks, but as hesays London found out that there was no John wasin pursuit of power, and the price which London demandedwould not seem to him a large one, especially as the dayof reckoning with the difficulty he created was a distantone and might never come.The commune was granted, andLongchamp was formally deposed.John was recognized asRichard s heir, fealty was sworn to him, and he was maderegent of the kingdom Walter of Rouen was accepted asjusticiar and the castles were disposed of as John desired.Longchamp yielded under protest, threatening the displeasureof the king, and was allowed to escape to the continent.The action of John and the barons in deposing Longchampmade little actual change.John gained less power thanhe had expected, and found the new justiciar no more will-ing to give him control of the kingdom than the old one.The action was revolutionary, and if it had any permanentinfluence on the history of England, it is to be found in thetraining it gave the barons in concerted action against atyrannous minister, revolutionary but as nearly as possibleunder the forms of law.While these events were takingplace, Philip was on his way from Tyre to France.Hereached home near the close of the year, ready for the busi-ness for which he had come, to make all that he could out ofRichard s absence.Repulsed in an attempt to get theadvantage of the seneschal of Normandy he applied to John,perhaps with more hope of success, offering him the hand ofthe unfortunate Adela with the investiture of the FrenchRound, of ch.xi.Richard of of iii. OF373fiefs.John was, of course, already married, but that was a CHAP.small matter either to Philip, or to him.He was ready tolisten to the temptation, and was preparing to cross to discussthe proposition with Philip, when his plans were interruptedby his mother.She had heard of what was going on andhastily went over to England to interfere, where with diffi-culty John was forced to give up the idea.The yearpassed without disturbance.When Longchamp tried tosecure his restoration by bribing John, he was defeated by ahigher bid from the council.An attempt of Philip to invadeNormandy was prevented by the refusal of his barons to serve,for without accusing the king, they declared that they couldnot attack Normandy without themselves committing perjury.At the beginning of the news reached England thatRichard had been arrested in Germany and that he was heldin prison there. CHAPTER XVIIIWAR AND FINANCECHAP.RICHARD was indeed in prison in Germany.To avoidpassing through Toulouse on account of the hostility of thecount he had sailed up the Adriatic, hoping possibly tostrike across into the northern parts of Aquitaine, and therehad been shipwrecked.In trying to make his way in disguisethrough the dominions of the Duke of Austria he had beenrecognized and arrested, for Leopold of Austria had morethan one ground of hatred of Richard, notably because hisclaim to something like an equal sovereignty had been sorudely and contemptuously disallowed in the famous incidentof the tearing down of his banner from the walls of Acre.But a greater sovereign than Leopold had reason to com-plain of the conduct of Richard and something to gain fromhis imprisonment, and the duke was obliged to surrender hisprisoner to the emperor, Henry VI.When the news of this reached England, it seemed to Johnthat his opportunity might at last be come, and he crossedover at once to the continent.Finding the barons of Nor-mandy unwilling to receive him in the place of Richard, hepassed on to Philip, did him homage for the French fiefs,and even for England it was reported, took oath to marryand ceded to him the Norman In returnPhilip promised him a part of Flanders and his besthelp to get possession of England and his brother s otherlands.Roger of who records this bargain, distin-guishes between and what he thought was true, andit may be taken as a fair example of what it was believed Johnwould agree to in order to dispossess his imprisoned brother [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]